The Master
In my ongoing search for elements to make a copy of Anthony Ainley's costume during his tenure as The Master on Dr. Who, I have assembled some interesting elements. So far, the best lead I've got is Fantasy Fashion's men's doublet packet.
In all likelihood, I will be using a modified doublet pattern. The collar will have to be adjusted slightly - made higher and a tad looser - and the sleeves will have to be set onto the garment, rather than tied on as per a traditional doublet. A pattern for the slightly-ballooned pants has yet to be found, although I have high-hopes for finding a pattern for plus-fours (a type of trouser/pant) and working from there.

The Doctor
If you are looking for resources for Edwardian/Victorian men's clothing, which is applicable to several incarnations of The Doctor, check out these sites:

• Wingeo - Good selection of garments from the 10th - 20th Centuries.
• Honest Tom's Sutlery - Obviously a resource for Civil War enthusiasts. Several varieties of frock coats are featured.
• Lark Books - a good place to find Folkwear patterns - notably the Victorian Men's shirt.
• Fall Creek Sutlery - Another outfitter for Civil War recreationists and a good source for Victorian era patterns for men and women

Other
A good rendition of the Time Lord/Time Council symbol can be found here